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Macintosh IIcx/IIci/ Quadra 700 Macintosh IIcx Macintosh IIci Macintosh Quadra 700. The Macintosh IIcx and IIci, and the Quadra 700 are 'obsolete' products. Obsolete products and their service parts are no longer available for p urchase from Apple Computer, and information about these products is no longer updated as of 9/1/98.
Apple MacBook Air 'Core 2 Duo' 1.6 13' (Original) Specs
Identifiers: MacBook Air - Original - MB003LL/A - MacBookAir1,1 - A1237 - 2142*
All MacBook Air Models | All 2008 Models | Dynamically Compare This Mac to Others
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The Apple MacBook Air 'Core 2 Duo' 1.6 13' -- affectionately dubbed the 'MBA' for short -- was Apple's first serious foray into the subnotebook market since the PowerBook 2400c and the PowerBook Duo line (although PowerBook G4 12' models also were rather small).
The 'MBA' is powered by a customized 1.6 GHz Intel 'Core 2 Duo' processor (P7500) in a miniaturized packaging design with two independent processor 'cores' on a single chip with a 4 MB on-chip shared level 2 cache running on an 800 MHz frontside bus.
It features 2 GB of onboard 667 MHz DDR2 SDRAM, an 80 GB PATA (4200 RPM) hard drive, an Intel GMA X3100 integrated 'graphics processor with 144 MB of DDR2 SDRAM shared with main memory', an integrated iSight video camera, a 'MacBook-style' full-size backlit keyboard with ambient light sensor, and a 13.3' widescreen TFT LED backlit active-matrix 'glossy' display (1280x800 native resolution) in a razor thin (0.16-0.76 inch), three pound, aluminum case.
Connectivity includes AirPort Extreme (802.11a/b/g/n), Bluetooth 2.1+EDR, a single USB 2.0 port, analog audio out, and video out capabilities (micro-DVI) that support an external 24' display. It lacks Ethernet (an external adapter is available), Firewire, and optical audio in/out.
Like all subnotebooks, it is important to recognize that Apple made some compromises on performance, expansion, connectivity, and affordability in favor of size and weight. Although the system has an impressively large -- for a subnotebook -- 13.3' display, full-size keyboard and a trackpad that supports 'multi-touch gesturing' (two-finger scroll, pinch, rotate, swipe, tap, double-tap, and drag), it uses slower processors than the stock MacBook models available at the same time, the memory cannot be upgraded beyond the onboard 2 GB, there is not an internal optical drive, and the battery is not designed to be removable.
Also see:
The 'MBA' is powered by a customized 1.6 GHz Intel 'Core 2 Duo' processor (P7500) in a miniaturized packaging design with two independent processor 'cores' on a single chip with a 4 MB on-chip shared level 2 cache running on an 800 MHz frontside bus.
It features 2 GB of onboard 667 MHz DDR2 SDRAM, an 80 GB PATA (4200 RPM) hard drive, an Intel GMA X3100 integrated 'graphics processor with 144 MB of DDR2 SDRAM shared with main memory', an integrated iSight video camera, a 'MacBook-style' full-size backlit keyboard with ambient light sensor, and a 13.3' widescreen TFT LED backlit active-matrix 'glossy' display (1280x800 native resolution) in a razor thin (0.16-0.76 inch), three pound, aluminum case.
Connectivity includes AirPort Extreme (802.11a/b/g/n), Bluetooth 2.1+EDR, a single USB 2.0 port, analog audio out, and video out capabilities (micro-DVI) that support an external 24' display. It lacks Ethernet (an external adapter is available), Firewire, and optical audio in/out.
Like all subnotebooks, it is important to recognize that Apple made some compromises on performance, expansion, connectivity, and affordability in favor of size and weight. Although the system has an impressively large -- for a subnotebook -- 13.3' display, full-size keyboard and a trackpad that supports 'multi-touch gesturing' (two-finger scroll, pinch, rotate, swipe, tap, double-tap, and drag), it uses slower processors than the stock MacBook models available at the same time, the memory cannot be upgraded beyond the onboard 2 GB, there is not an internal optical drive, and the battery is not designed to be removable.
Also see:
- What are the differences between the original MacBook Air configuration options?
- What are the differences between the original MacBook Air and the 'regular' MacBook?
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- Tech Specs
- Ports
- Global Original Prices
- Popular Q&As
Click on a category for related details. The most commonly needed info is 'open' by default, but all info is important. Asterisks (*) reference data in details fields.
Introduction Date: | January 15, 2008* | Discontinued Date: | October 14, 2008 |
Details: | The 'Introduction Date' refers to the date a model was introduced via press release. The 'Discontinued Date' refers to the date a model either was replaced by a subsequent system or production otherwise ended. *This model shipped on January 30, 2008. Also see: All Macs introduced in 2008. |
Details: | Also see: All models with a 64-Bit processor courtesy of EveryMac.com's Ultimate Mac Sort. |
Details: | Geekbench 2 benchmarks are in 32-bit and 64-bit modes, respectively. These numbers reflect an average of user provided 32-bit and 64-bit results as submitted to the Geekbench website. Higher numbers are better. You also might be interested in reviewing all 32-bit and 64-bit Geekbench 2 user submissions for Macs with the MacBookAir1,1 Model Identifier, which may include multiple models. To dynamically compare Geekbench 2 results from different Macs side-by-side, see EveryMac.com's Ultimate Mac Comparison. |
Details: | These Geekbench 3 benchmarks are in 32-bit mode and are for a single processor core and all processor cores, respectively. Both numbers reflect an average of user provided results as submitted to the Geekbench website. Higher numbers are better. You also might be interested in reviewing all 32-bit single core and multicore Geekbench 3 user submissions for Macs with the MacBookAir1,1 Model Identifier, which may include multiple models. To dynamically compare 32-bit Geekbench 3 results from different Macs side-by-side, see EveryMac.com's Ultimate Mac Comparison. |
Details: | These Geekbench 3 benchmarks are in 64-bit mode and are for a single processor core and all processor cores, respectively. Both numbers reflect an average of user provided results as submitted to the Geekbench website. Higher numbers are better. You also might be interested in reviewing all 64-bit single core and multicore Geekbench 3 user submissions for Macs with the MacBookAir1,1 Model Identifier, which may include multiple models. To dynamically compare 64-bit Geekbench 3 results from different Macs side-by-side, see EveryMac.com's Ultimate Mac Comparison. |
Details: | These Geekbench 4 benchmarks are are for a single processor core and all processor cores, respectively. All Geekbench 4 benchmarks are 64-bit. Both numbers reflect an average of user provided results as submitted to the Geekbench website. Higher numbers are better. You also might be interested in reviewing all single core and multicore Geekbench 4 user submissions for Macs with the MacBookAir1,1 Model Identifier, which may include multiple models. To dynamically compare Geekbench 4 results from different Macs side-by-side, see EveryMac.com's Ultimate Mac Comparison. |
Processor Speed: | 1.6 GHz | Processor Type: | Core 2 Duo (P7500) |
Details: | The Intel 'Core 2 Duo' processor includes two independent processor 'cores' on a single silicon chip. The original MacBook Air uses a customized Core 2 Duo processor with 'a lower voltage specification in a new miniaturized packaging design' (P7500). Also see: What processor does the MacBook Air use? and How fast is the original MacBook Air compared to the MacBook and MacBook Pro? |
Details: | A 1.8 GHz Core 2 Duo (P7700) processor originally was available via custom configuration for an extra US$300, and on July 8, 2008, Apple dropped the upgrade price to US$200. As requested by readers, EveryMac.com also has documented this custom configuration as its own model. |
Details: | N/A |
System Bus Speed: | 800 MHz | Cache Bus Speed: | 1.6 GHz (Built-in) |
Details: | 800 MHz frontside bus, on-chip level 2 cache runs at processor speed. |
Details: | N/A |
Details: | Includes a 4 MB shared 'on chip' level 2 cache that runs at processor speed. |
Details: | Shipped standard with 2 GB of 667 MHz DDR2 SDRAM onboard. |
Details: | 2 GB of RAM is onboard, and cannot be upgraded. Also see: Actual Max RAM of All G3 & Later Macs. |
Details: | There are no RAM slots. |
Details: | N/A |
Details: | Apple reports that 'memory available to Mac OS X may vary depending on graphics needs. Minimum graphics memory usage is 144 MB.' |
Built-in Display: | 13.3' Widescreen | Native Resolution: | 1280x800 |
Details: | 13.3' color widescreen TFT LED-backlit active-matrix 'glossy' display with a 1280 by 800 native resolution. Apple reports that it also supports '1152 by 720, 1024 by 640, and 800 by 500 pixels at 16:10 aspect ratio; 1024 by 768, 800 by 600, and 640 by 480 pixels at 4:3 aspect ratio; 720 by 480 pixels at 3:2 aspect ratio'. In Spain, site sponsor iRepairs provides affordable repair and data recovery services. In-person and by mail repair services include the display, battery, keyboard, motherboard, and more for this MacBook Air. Worldwide, site sponsor Shenzhen Parts sells quality, brand new, factory-direct parts with global shipping and bulk discounts for repair shops. Replacement parts include displays, keyboards, trackpads, speakers, cameras, and more for this MacBook Air. |
2nd Display Support: | Dual/Mirroring | 2nd Max. Resolution: | 1920x1200 |
Details: | The maximum resolution supported on an external display is 1920x1200. |
Standard Storage: | 80 GB HDD | Std. Storage Speed: | 4200 RPM |
Details: | An 80 GB (4200 RPM, 8 MB buffer) 1.8 inch, 5 mm PATA hard disk drive is standard. A 64 GB solid-state drive originally was available as an optional build-to-order upgrade for US$999, and on July 8, 2008, Apple dropped the upgrade price to US$599. Also see: How do you replace or upgrade the hard drive in the MacBook Air? Can you swap the hard drive for an SSD? In the US (and many other countries), site sponsor Other World Computing sells storage upgrades for this MacBook Air. In Australia, site sponsor RamCity sells storage upgrades for this MacBook Air. Also see: SSD Compatibility Guide for All G3 & Later Macs. |
Storage Dimensions: | 1.8' (5.2 mm) | Storage Interface: | Parallel ATA (ZIF) |
Details: | This model supports a single PATA 1.8' hard drive or SSD with a 40-pin ZIF connector and that is up to 5.2 mm thick. |
Details: | *MacBook Air models do not have an internal optical drive. Site sponsor Adorama offers the external Apple USB SuperDrive for US$79 (originally US$99 when this MacBook Air was released). It writes DVD+R DL and DVD-R DL at 4X, DVD-R and DVD+R at 8X, DVD-RW at 6X, DVD+RW at 8X, reads DVD at 8X, writes CD-R at 24X, writes CD-RW at 16X, and reads CD at 24X. Site sponsor Other World Computing also has a variety of compact external optical drive options that may be of interest, including some with Blu-ray capability. Also see: What are the full capabilities of the external SuperDrive available for the MacBook Air? Can it be used with other Macs? |
Details: | *Neither an internal modem nor an internal Ethernet port are provided. An external Apple USB Modem (56.6k v.92) was available for US$49 and an external Apple 10/100Base-T Ethernet adapter was available for US$29. Also see: What official and third-party adapters are available to connect the MacBook Air to wired Ethernet networks? |
Standard AirPort: | 802.11a/b/g/n | Standard Bluetooth: | 2.1+EDR |
Details: | AirPort Extreme (802.11a/b/g/n) and Bluetooth 2.1+EDR standard. Also see: What is 802.11n? How is it different from 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11a? |
Details: | One 480-Mbps USB 2.0 port, no Firewire ports. Also see: What is a good USB hub to use with the MacBook Air while traveling? |
Details: | No expansion slots or bays provided. In the US (and many other countries), site sponsor Other World Computing sells a wide variety of external accessories, including docking stations, adapters, input devices, cases, and more for this MacBook Air. In Australia, site sponsor Macfixit offers an extensive selection of external accessories like docks, stands, chargers, cases, security products, and more for this MacBook Air. |
Incl. Keyboard: | Full-size | Incl. Input: | Trackpad (Gesture) |
Details: | Apple reports that the integrated backlit keyboard with ambient light sensor has '78 (US) or 79 (ISO) keys, including 12 function keys, 4 arrow keys (inverted 'T' arrangement).' The solid-state trackpad features 'multi-touch gesture support for precise cursor control; [and] supports two-finger scrolling, pinch, rotate, swipe, tap, double-tap, and drag capabilities'. On July 27, 2010, Apple added 'inertial scrolling' support to these notebooks, but not three-finger gesturing, with the 'Magic Trackpad and Multi-Touch Trackpad Update 1.0' software. This update requires Mac OS X 10.6.4 and is not compatible with earlier versions of Mac OS X. Also see: What are the differences between the trackpads in different MacBook Air models? |
Details: | The MacBook Air uses an ultrathin aluminum case design with a 'catchless' magnetic latch. |
Apple Order No: | MB003LL/A | Apple Subfamily: | MacBook Air - Original |
Details: | The Apple order number should be unique to this system. |
Apple Model No: | A1237 (EMC 2142*) | Model ID: | MacBookAir1,1 |
Details: | *Please note that these identifiers can refer to more than one model. In this case, please also note that the EMC number is not externally listed on the notebook so it cannot be used readily for identification. Also see: All Macs with the A1237 Model Number, the 2142* EMC Number, and the MacBookAir1,1 Model Identifier. For more about these identifiers and how to locate them on each Mac, please refer to EveryMac.com's Mac Identification section. |
Details: | Apple reports that this model has an 'integrated 37-watt-hour lithium-polymer battery' and the company claims that it can provide up to five hours of battery life with wireless activated. Also see: What is the battery life of the original MacBook Air in real-world usage tests? In the US (and many other countries), site sponsor Other World Computing sells quality batteries for this MacBook Air. In Australia, site sponsor Macfixit is a local distributor of OWC batteries for this MacBook Air. In Southeast Asia, site sponsor SimplyMac.sg sells OWC batteries for this MacBook Air. |
Pre-Installed MacOS: | X 10.5.1 (9B2324) | Maximum MacOS: | X 10.7.5* |
Details: | *This system can run the last version of OS X 10.7 'Lion.' However, although it has a 64-bit processor, it has a 32-bit EFI and is not capable of booting into 64-bit mode. It does not support 'OpenCL' either. Please also note that OS X Lion is not capable of running Mac OS X apps originally written for the PowerPC processor as it does not support the 'Rosetta' environment. |
Minimum Windows: | XP SP2 (32-Bit)* | Maximum Windows: | 7 (32-Bit)* |
Details: | *Apple's Boot Camp 4 formally supports the 32-bit versions of Windows XP SP2, Windows Vista, and Windows 7. However, the system does meet Microsoft's minimum requirements for Windows 8 and readers have reported successfully running the 32-bit version of this operating system with appropriate drivers. |
MacOS 9 Support: | None | Windows Support: | Boot/Virtualization |
Details: | Also see: Are there any third-party programs to run Mac OS 9/Classic applications on Intel Macs? Site sponsor OHS specializes in heavily upgraded Macs capable of running both Mac OS X and Mac OS 9 applications. For more on running Windows on Intel Macs, please refer to the exhaustive Windows on Mac Q&A. |
Dimensions: | .16-.76 x 12.8 x 8.94 | Avg. Weight: | 3.0 lbs (1.36 kg) |
Details: | In inches while closed - minimum height to maximum height by width by depth, (0.4-1.94 cm, 32.5 cm, 22.7 cm). |
Original Price (US): | US$1799* | Est. Current Retail: | US$200-US$300 |
Details: | *This was the price for the stock configuration with a 1.6 GHz processor and an 80 GB hard drive. Via custom configuration, it originally could be equipped with a 1.8 GHz processor and a 64 GB solid-state drive for US$3098, and on July 8, 2008, Apple dropped the upgraded price to US$2598. Please note that on average the estimated current retail pricing of used systems is updated twice a year (please refer to the date on the bottom of the page for the date last updated). Photo Credit: Apple, Inc. |
Click on a category for additional details. The most commonly needed info is 'open' by default, but all info is important. The icons correspond with the icons for each port on the computer.
Video (Monitor): | 1 (micro-DVI) | Floppy (Ext.): | None |
Details: | Supports external display in dual display and mirroring modes. Micro-DVI to DVI and Micro-DVI to VGA adapters included. Composite output and S-video output also supported with optional adapters. Also see: What is a 'micro-DVI' port? How is it different from DVI and mini-DVI? |
Details: | N/A |
Details: | N/A |
Details: | One 480-Mbps USB 2.0 port, no Firewire ports. Also see: What is a good USB hub to use with the MacBook Air while traveling? |
Details: | No internal modem or Ethernet. An external Apple USB modem was offered for US$49 and an external Apple USB 10/100Base-T Ethernet adapater was offered for US$29. AirPort Extreme (802.11g/n) and Bluetooth 2.1+EDR are standard. |
Details: | *S-video out provided by optional adapter (sold separately). |
Details: | Internal omnidirectional microphone. |
Details: | *Single analog audio output/headphone jack. |
Details: | N/A |
Details: | 100V-240V AC, 45W 90-degree angled 'MagSafe' power adapter. |
Global original prices for the MacBook Air 'Core 2 Duo' 1.6 13' (Original) in 34 different countries and territories follow; organized alphabetically by region.
For global original prices for Intel Macs in one particular country on a single page, please refer to EveryMac.com's Global Original Prices section.
Original Prices - North & South America Mcculloch pro 10 10 parts.
Mexico: | N/A | United States: | US$1799* |
Original Prices - Europe
Denmark: | N/A | Finland: | €1699 |
Ireland: | €1699 | Italy: | €1699 |
Norway: | NOK 14.290 | Portugal: | €1699 |
Switzerland: | CHF 2'499 | United Kingdom: | £1199 |
Original Prices - Asia
India: | N/A | Indonesia: | N/A |
Malaysia: | N/A | The Philippines: | N/A |
Thailand: | N/A | Vietnam: | N/A |
Original Prices - Australia & New Zealand
If you have additional original prices for this model, please get in touch. Thank you.
Ten of the most popular Q&As about the MacBook Air models follow.
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I will assume a version of Max OSX of at least High Sierra (10.13 or later). Upgrades are free.
This document supersedes any conflicting instructions in the tutorial itself.As versions of Python and operating systems have changed, some old usage instructions get outdate. I am keeping all the latest system information in this document.
I will use Python 3.7+ to mean the current version of Python, with version number at least3.7.3.Make sure you have the latest recommended version installed from https://www.python.org/downloads/.Download the pkg file and double click to execute.
The normal place for you to have my examples folder is under your home folder,which has the same name as your Login ID. If you are just creating a login ID,it will save some hassle in Chapter 4, if your login ID doesnot have a space in it.'Andy' or 'AndyHarrington' would be fine for me, but
'Andy Harrington'
would bomb the server in Chapter 4.
If You Have a Blank in your Login ID
The local server program central to chapter 4 bombs withfolder paths with a blank in the name.
If you have a blank in your Login ID, it is not so easy to change.Instead make a folder outside of your home folder:
- Go to the Macintosh HD folder and create a folder (like 'comp150')with no blank in it! You will need administrative privileges,and will be prompted to enter your password.
- I suggest that you move my examples folder, or just the sub-folderwww so it is under your new folder. For Chapter 4test my examples and add your work there.
Wherever you plan to unzip my Python examples folder fromhttp://anh.cs.luc.edu/python/hands-on/3.1/examples.zipyou need to make sure thatmy www folder, and any other folder where you put later .cgi filesdoes not have a blank in its name,or any folder in which it is a sub-folder.If you have a 'comp 150' parent folder, you might rename it 'comp150'.
Editing by Default
You will be working mostly with files ending in .py -- Python source files.Most of the time you will be editing them and running them in IDLE, so the bestdefault behavior when opening a file with extension .py is to have it open inIdle 3.7+. If you can double click on a .py file in my examples,and Idle opens as soon as you have installed Python 3.7+, great - you should skip the rest of this section.
If Idle did not open, here is how to change the default behavior:
- In the Finder go to a file in my examples folder with the .py extension.and right click or control click on it. Select Get Info.
- In the Info window that pops up, In the drop-down menu for Open with:,you want to seeIDLE.app on the top line (meaning it is already the default).You may possibly also see the version listed if you have several. Presumablyyou are going through this because you do not see IDLE.app there.
- You may see IDLE.app lower down in the list of options. Then select it there.
- If you did not see IDLE.app in the drop-down list at all:
- Select Other...
- A window of apps pops up.Toward the bottom is a check box for 'Always Open With'. Check it.
- If you do not see a Python folder in the list, just below the bottom ofthe page change Recommended Applications to All Applications
- Now you should see a Python 3.6 folder. Open it and select Idle.app.
- The Info window should become active again. Be sure that now underOpen with: you see IDLE.app.
- Under the IDLE.app you should see a button, Change All...So that you never have to go through all these steps again, be sure to clickthat button. A confirmation window will pop up. Select Continue.
- Now you can close the Info window, and you should be able to open all .pyfiles directly in Idle for editing by double clicking in the Finder!
Starting The Idle Shell
Options
- Use Spotlight with idle.app. If there is more than one version of idle.app,make sure you choose one for Python 3.7+.This is a good approach the first time to check thatIdle is properly installed.The disadvantage of this approach is that Idlestarts in your Documents folder (more below).
- You may open a Python file ending in .py into an Idle Edit window byselecting it directly in a Finder window if the defaults are set asdiscussed above. Instead youcan Ctrl-click on the file, select Open With, and then choose Idlefor Python 3.7+.
Opening Files from Inside Idle
You may select Open in the File menu inside Idle.
Caution: the behaviordepends on what window is active at the moment - a file editing window or the Shell window:
- If the active window is some file editing window when you use the IdleFile menu to open a file,your search will start in the same folder as the file you are editing(generally the desiredbehavior).
- If you select File Open fromthe Shell window, the starting folder depends on how you started Idle:
- If you started Idle from Spotlight or opened a file in the Finder,then your search will start in your Documents folder,probably not what you want.
- If you started Idle from a terminal, you open to the directory whereyou gave the command to start Idle.
Saving Files
If you have modified a file and want to save it under a new name, make surethe file is in the active window (the shell window is not active), go tothe File menu and Save. It is easiest ifyou save all files in the same folder: my examples folder (except in Chapter 4). The default is to save the file as a Python file, ending in '.py'. If that is not what you want, note the Format field at the bottom of the Save dialog and change it to All Files.
Running Program Files
Make the Edit window for the file you want active by clicking in its window,then go to the Runmenu and select Run Module. Note the F5 shortcut key.
The graphics window likely comes up behind an unneeded Console Window. You canclose the console window, and click on the graphics window title bar tobring it to the front. If you run the program from inside Idle,
Remember this is the time when it is critical not to have .cgi files under a folderwith a blank in the name. See the earlier discussion.
CGI Files on My Server Do Not Work!
The administrators of my server changed the security parameters, so now thelinks to run cgi scripts on my server do not work. Just use the onesthe the local server on your machine, as discussed below. Do not click on Ch4 links to URL's at anh.cs.luc.edu.
Opening .cgi Files in Idle
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By convention the server programs that you will be writing end in '.cgi'.That is not an extension that is automatically associated with Idle for editing.You will want to change the association. Do it the same way as the instructionsabove for getting .py files to open in Idle by default, except choose a .cgi file in my wwwfolder, and go through the same procedure.
Setup: Making CGI Scripts Executable
Make sure you have completed the previous section successfully beforegoing on to this section.
A complication on a Mac, like any Unix derived system, is that programsthat you run must be explicitly marked executable. (On Windows it follows fromthe file extension, like .exe.) The examples/www folder may nothave the cgi files marked executable (nor have several other technical things right).
The example program examples/www/CGIfix.py is needed to give directUnix/Mac/Linux executability to CGI files for Chapter 4.
Remember the www directory cannot have a directory name in the path down tothat directory with a space in it. If you got that wrong,go back to the previous section.
In the finder open your www directory. You can open CGIfix.py in Idle and run it.Note the comment that the file cgiServerScript was created. You need thatin the next section:
Running CGI Scripts
Important! Particularly if you later copy in a CGI script from a Windowsmachine, or if you create any new cgi script in the www directory, make sureit becomes executable (and possibly fix some other technical things) bylaunching CGIfix.py again.
If you forget this, and the file is not executable,nothing happens in the browser when you try to run it,and the error message in the server window is very unhelpful -it says '.. File not found ..'. Make sure you make new CGI filesexecutable (with CGIfix.py)!
If you create andedit a cgi file inside Idle, remember you cannot run it from insideIdle. After editing, be sure to check the syntax,using alt/option-X.You should close the file in Idle before running CGIfix.py.
When you want to test a cgi script, you first need to have launchedthe local CGI Server, howeveropening and running localCGIServer.py in Idle does not work!
Instead make sure all your files needed by the cgi server(.html, .cgi, localCGIServer.py) are in thesame folder as the file created there by fixCGI.py: cgiServerScript.(Distinguish the separate file for Windows, startServer.cmd: Ignore that.)
In the Finder double click on cgiServerScript.This should start a window announcing the start of the CGI server.(Then you can leave it running for as longas you want to test .cgi files in the same folder.) Do not have severalcopies of the CGI server running at once!
At this point you can do all the web server based activities in Chapter4, with the only extra step being the running of CGIfix.py when youcreate a new CGI script in the www directory, or copy one from Windows.There are a number of steps: be sure you carefully go through the list in the tutorial.Remember, html files calling a cgi file, and cgi files used directly are only run in your web browserwith a URL starting with localhost:8080/. Otherwise nothing dynamic happens.
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To use the Hands-on Python Tutorial, the information above should be sufficientto get your Mac usage going. Terminals are quite useful in other contexts:There are many things that can bedone from such a window that cannot be done from the Finder or with an App.
Mcculloch mac 35a instruction manual download. If you would like a bit more background, read on.
Navigation
OS X and Unix (from which OS X is derived)have a concept of the current directoryDirectory is the older term for folder from when there were not pictures offolders in a graphical interface.
You start in your home directory. My login id is anh, so my home directory is/Users/anh. Substitute your login id for your machine.The slashes separate nested directories. The top hard drivedirectory is /, which contains the directory Users which containsusers' home directories, like my anh. A shorthand in a terminal for your home directoryis ~.
The terminal shows a system prompt when it is ready for user input. The promptcan be set to show many things. The end of the prompt is often $.Before that is often some indication of your current directory, like ~ forthe home directory.
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If you want to see the full name of the current directory enter the command
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pwd
Single commands are executed after you press the Enter key.
You can list the contents of a directory with the ls command.Unix tends to abbreviate words in commands.
If you use the ls command in your home directory, you should seeDesktop, Documents, Downloads, .. listed.
To change directory, use the cd command followed bythe directory you would like to change to. You can use the fullname of the directory starting with /, but more commonly you just indicatewhere to go relative to where you are now. Desktop is a subdirectory ofyour home directory, so from the home directory you can just enter
cd Desktop
Here is a sequence on my computer after starting a terminal (skipping mostof the output from ls:
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Notice that the last use of the cd command used directory ..That stands for the parent directory, the directory containing thecurrent directory.
If you unzipped the examples from your Desktop, you can go there with
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cd ~/Desktop/examples
Alter this if you put your examples somewhere else!
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It is useful to be in the examples folder. If you start Idle from there,it is easy to open any of the example programs.
When scripts are directly called by the operating system, they lookfor the proper interpreter to read them. Our scripts are set up to look forpython3.
To start a regular python program from the current directory, like hello_you.py,you would enter a command with python3 and the file name, like
python3 hello_you.py
Instead of shifting to a separate Shell as in Idle, the output appears right in theterminal window.